Kajian Spasial-Temporal Tingkat Bahaya Banjir Berdasarkan Integrasi Data Historis Kebencanaan di Provinsi Jawa Barat

Mohammad Fahrie Ardhana; Kanza Yasaro Rizqi; Silmi Afina Aliyan; Edwin Zulkarnain

doi:10.69606/geography.v4i3.537

Authors

Mohammad Fahrie Ardhana Program Studi Survei Pemetaan dan Informasi Geografis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung 40154, Indonesia
Kanza Yasaro Rizqi Program Studi Survei Pemetaan dan Informasi Geografis, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung 40154, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1782-5656
Silmi Afina Aliyan Program Studi Sains Informasi Geografi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung 40154, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-9837
Edwin Zulkarnain Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah Provinsi Jawa Barat, Bandung 40286, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.69606/geography.v4i3.537

Keywords:

spatio-temporal, flood hazard, GIS, West Java, sample raster values, spatial mismatch

Abstract

Hydrometeorological flood disasters in West Java Province demonstrate dynamic spatiotemporal fluctuations. However, the macro-static hazard modeling currently in common use frequently triggers spatial mismatch with actual field conditions. This study examines the flood hazard levels in West Java Province during the 2021–2025 period by integrating historical flood event data with regional flood hazard index raster maps. The dataset consists of annual flood event points from the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) of West Java Province and flood hazard rasters, which were analyzed using Geographic Information System (GIS) software via the Sampled Raster Values technique. All data were first standardized by unifying coordinate systems, geometry types, and attribute structures to enable simultaneous layer analysis. Spatial analysis was subsequently conducted to assess the alignment between actual flood occurrence locations and designated flood hazard classes. The results indicate that flood events over the five-year observation period occurred predominantly in low-hazard zones (34%–42%), whereas high-hazard zones accounted for a relatively small proportion (less than 15%). Furthermore, Null values were identified, signaling spatial mismatch between actual flood points and raster cells within the hazard model across all years. Consequently, this study underscores the urgent need for dynamic reconstruction and spatial resolution updates of hazard models by relevant authorities to maintain the integrity of disaster management databases in the future.

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